HOW A SEPTIC SYSTEM WORKS

How A Septic System Works

A septic system uses natural processes to treat and dispose of sewage.

Most systems have a septic tank and drainfield. This is called a conventional system. The diagram below shows the parts of a conventional septic system.

Everything that goes down the drain will make its way to the septic system. It will enter the septic tank first, the tank will separate the solids, greases and oils from sewage so the remaining liquids can go to the drain field. Some systems may have additional tanks and pumps to move the sewage to the drainfield.

Once the liquids enter the drain field located underground the sewage is absorbed by the soil, the soil acts as a filter to remove disease causing germs, some nitrogen and other pollutants.

Tips for Septic System Maintenance

Inspect & Pump your system every 3 to 5 years by a state licensed septic contractor. This will remove excess solids in your septic tank and clean the filter in the tank to help keep the system flowing properly.

Only plant grass over the system. Never plant trees or shrubs over the system as the roots from these items can grow into the drain field from long distances, which can clog and damage the system.

Divert downspouts, pool water and any other sources of water away from your tank and drain field area. Too much water entering the system area can cause system failure.

Prevent vehicles from driving or parking over your septic area. This will crush your lines and cause system failure.

Don’t pour strong chemicals, cleansers or unwanted medications down your drains or toilets. These can kill the bacteria in the septic tank that help treat the sewage. Also, do not pour cooking oil or grease down your drains, this can clog the lines and drain field.

Don’t flush “flushable” items, kitty litter or feminine products down the drain. This can clog the system as well. The only items that should go down the drain are human waste and toilet paper.

We recommend not using a garbage disposal however, if you do we highly recommend getting your system checked more often.

Use water wisely! Conserve water to reduce the amount of saturation entering your system. An average system is only designed to take on approximately 400 gallons per day (gallons vary depending on system size).

Why it is important to maintain your septic system

Maintaining your septic system will save you money, help keep your family healthy, and protect the environment.

Having your system inspected and pumped regularly is a bargain when you consider that repairs and replacement costs can be thousands of dollars.

Untreated sewage contains disease-causing germs and can smell bad. A failing septic system can cause sewage to back up into your house or onto your lawn. It also may allow untreated sewage to seep into drinking water wells and water bodies used for drinking and recreation.

Untreated sewage from failing septic systems may pollute shellfish beds and recreational areas, such as lakes and rivers. Quality of life, recreational opportunities and tourism may decline.